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When launching the DPM 2012 R2 update I get stuck at the first step, checking prereqs. The error message says:

 

The instance provided is not a SQL Server instance. Please provide a SQL Server instance.

 

Looking at C:\Program Files\Microsoft System Center 2012 R2\DPM\DPMLogs\DpmSetup.log, I found the following error messages:

 

[11/13/2013 10:03:06 AM] Information : Querying WMI Namespace: \\dpm01\root\Microsoft\SqlServer\ComputerManagement10 for query: Select * from SqlServiceAdvancedProperty where ServiceName='MSSQL$MSDPM2012' and PropertyName='Version'

[11/13/2013 10:03:06 AM] * Exception :  => System.Management.ManagementException: Invalid class

[11/13/2013 10:03:06 AM] Information : Getting the error code for check : SqlServer and result : 67141632

[11/13/2013 10:03:06 AM] Information : Found Error Code:SqlNotInstalled and Severity: Error

[11/13/2013 10:03:06 AM] Information : Got Error Message: The instance provided is not a SQL Server instance. Please provide a SQL Server instance.

[11/13/2013 10:03:06 AM] Information : Got Error Message: The prerequisite (SQL Server 2008) required to perform this check is missing.

As you can see the error messages states that we're asking for an invalid class when querying the wmi namespace. So we need to recompile the SQL WMI provider with the following command:

mofcomp "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\100\Shared\sqlmgmproviderxpsp2up.mof"

After doing this, the upgrade proceeds normally.

 

Source: 

http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/469634e4-eb9b-4c01-8664-fa53cb804763/reinstalling-dpm-keep-failing-and-cant-regonize-our-sql-server-2008-r2?forum=dataprotectionmanager